Art History as a Humanistic Discipline by Erwin Panofsky
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'The History of Art as a Humanistic Discipline' Erwin Panofsky (1955)
History of Art as a Humanistic Discipline I. The history of the concept ('Humanitas' Humanism - Humanities) Two. The object of study & steps (humanities / natural sciences) 3. The cloth of study (natural phenomena / works of art) IV. Methods of interpretation / explanation (humanities / natural sciences) V. Why humanities?
History of Art as a Humanistic Subject field (I) I. The history of the concept 'Humanitas' - Humanism - Humanities 'humanitas' has had two clearly distinguishable meanings: i. Man and what is less than man (bestiality) 2. Man and what is more homo (divinity) 'humanism': ambiguity bw rationality / freedom and fallibility / frailty results in the humanistic postulate of reponsibility and tolerance every bit human values
History of Art as a Humanistic Subject field (Two) II. The object of report and steps humanities tradition, records of the past, historical facts (documents, structures) exam of records "Man's signs and structures are records because, or rather in so far as, they limited ideas separated from, however realized by, the processes of signaling and edifice. These records have therefore the quality of emerging from the streams of time, and information technology is precisely in this respect that they are studied by the humanist. He is, fundamentally, an historian.
History of Art equally a Humanistic Discipline (II) II. The object of study and steps sciences naturally constitute objects, phenomena, laws of nature
History of Art as a Humanistic Subject field (Two) 2. The object of report and steps Relationship bw monuments, documents and a general historical concept in the humanities Human relationship between phenomena, instruments and theory in the natural sciences
History of Art as a Humanistic Discipline (III) 3. The material of written report (What is a work of art? ) Effect of artistic / authorial 'intention' and its rootedness in a particular historical period (objects are conditioned by the standards of their period and environment) Our interpretation of intentions are biased by our own mental attitude which is based on our own private experiences and historical state of affairs
History of Art equally a Humanistic Discipline (IV) IV. Methods of estimation / explanation humanities / natural sciences Scientists deal with natural phenomena (caption in terms of objective, repeatable examination of concrete reality) Humanist deals with human being actions and creations (explanation is intuitive artful re-creation)
History of Art as a Humanistic Bailiwick (IV) IV. Methods of interpretation / caption humanities / natural sciences Humanist method to study the formal principles that control the rendering of the visible world; familiarizes himself with the social, religious and philosophical attitudes of other periods and countries, continually checking own experiences against archaeological inquiry)
History of Fine art every bit a Humanistic Subject field (IV) IV. Methods of interpretation Appreciationism (naïve observers) Connoisseurship (clinical examination in terms of provenance and authorship, evaluation in terms of quality and condition) Art history (observers using established terminology that expresses broader structures: stylistic distinctions, rhetoric of expression) Fine art theory (admission to structures, formal elements of art)
History of Art as a Humanistic Discipline (V) V. Why humanities? If humanities are not practical, because they concern themselves with the past, why should we engage in such impractical investigations, and why should we exist interested in the by? Information technology is impossible to conceive of our world in terms of activity alone: reality involves interpretation of reality the moment one thinks information technology
History of Fine art as a Humanistic Subject (V) V. Why humanities? Reality is understood as interpenetration of world in terms of thought and in terms of action. 'When I said that the man who is run over past an machine is run over by mathematics, physics and chemical science, I could just too accept said that he is run over past Euclid, Archimedes and Lavoisier" (Panofsky 1975, 23)
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